What is the IRE scale? What does it mean on the waveform? What is crushing and clipping? What does it tell you when you see it happening on the waveform? Why is the waveform monitor so important to the digital cinematographer?
The IRE scale is the measurement of exposure from 0% to 100%, with 0 being black and 100 being white. On the waveform, it means that the higher the data is, the higher that the exposure is. Crushing is when data that is below 0% is cut off and clipping is when data above 100% is cut off. When they happen on the waveform, it tells you that they are at the absolute max or minimum for what is broadcast legal, causing the image to lose discernible detail in those extremes. The waveform monitor is so important to the digital cinematography because image monitors are less trustworthy because of a variety of outside factors that can affect the way the image look without actually changing the image that's shot, which can create issues and lead to mistakes. However, a waveform monitor shows the actual data, which then allows them to know what actually needs to be done for their desired image and exposure.
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